Please refer to the guide on Azure DevOps - Customising the Work Item Form

Select "Test Case" for the work item type.

Screenshots

Steps

Summary

Associated Audit

Test Results

This page uses an extension named "View Latest Test Result" found on the Azure DevOps Marketplace → View Latest Test Result - Visual Studio Marketplace

States

For adding a new state, please refer to Azure DevOps - Adding or editing custom states

Rules

State Transition Restriction

Within the Project Settings, create a group named "Test Leads" and add members that have "Basic + Test Plan" licenses to that group. For more information on creating a new group, refer to the guide Azure DevOps - Add users or groups to a team or project.

Create a rule named "State Transition Restriction" on the Test Case Work Item type

Test Case Default Steps

A Shared Steps Work Item used by default when a new test case opens, to create this Shared Steps Work Item, please refer to Azure DevOps - Shared Steps Work Item for dashboard testing

To add a Shared Steps Work Item by default to a new Test Case, add the following rule:

The set value to item is:

<steps id="0" last="3"><compref id="3" ref="137"/></steps>

"ref" being the ID of the Shared Steps Work Item